Published in Scientific Bulletin. Series F. Biotechnologies, Vol. XXI
Written by Valentin ZAMFIROPOL-CRISTEA, Iuliana RĂUT, Tatiana Eugenia ȘEȘAN, Bogdan TRICĂ, Florin OANCEA,

We describe the optimization of cultivation medium composition for biosynthesis of Trichoderma asperellum T36 biomass. This Trichoderma strain is a multifaceted one, being antagonist against major plant pathogens, stimulating vegetables growth, enhancing bioactive accumulation into nutraceutical crops and promoting development on early stages of the plants cultivated into high residues system. To improve the eco-efficiency of T36 based bioproducts production, a maximum conversion of cultivation medium components into fungal biostimulant biomass is required. We optimize the cultivation medium through a designed experiment, based on surface response methodology, wherein several components of cultivation medium were modified in the same time. The studied components were: glucose (carbon source), ammonium sulphate (inorganic nitrogen and sulphur source), soymeal and yeast extract (complex, organic nitrogen source and growth factors source), potassium mono- and di-hydrogen-phosphates (as phosphorus source and buffering ingredients). The optimal composition of cultivation medium, resulted after experimental results analysis, is: 34.2 g. l^-1 glucose, 0.37 g. l^-1 ammonium sulphate, 0.8 g. l^-1 yeast extract, 2.7 g. l^-1 soymeal, 1.2 g. l^-1 K₂HPO₄, 1.7 g. l^-1 KH₂PO₄. We compared the tolerance to dry-flowable formulation of T. asperellum T36 biomass produced on optimized liquid media and on liquid Weidling media. The biomass produced on optimized media has a better tolerance to dry-flowable formulation than biomass produced on Weidling media. Also, the preservation of biological activities, specific to T36 strain, is better on dry-flowable formulation produced with biomass resulted from optimized medium than that with biomass resulted from liquid Weidling medium. Higher tolerance to dry-flowable formulation and better survival rate, of formulated T36 propagules, suggest that optimized medium promote formation of more resilient fungal resting structures. A techno-economic analysis was performed for the optimized cultivation medium.

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