Published in Scientific Bulletin. Series F. Biotechnologies, Vol. XVII
Written by Elena MARCU, Petru NICULITA, Ramona IANCU

With the current rapid growth of world population and prolongation of human life, the raise of the living level and the targeting of food to a growing extent of agro-food products, with high nutritional and biological value, the need for food, especially of animal origin have increased ever more. This research was carried out to investigate and compare the physicochemical and microbiological parameters of milk samples of two different species like cow and sheep, including: pH, fat, protein, total solids, density, and somatic cells. Results showed that maximum fat and protein content were observed at sample 3 and sample 4, indicate that in mountain area sheep’s are the most favorable animal breeding. The milk samples were collected nine month in the year 2011 from different farmers. The statistical analysis showed that the physicochemical and microbiological parameters of these milk samples were significantly different (p<0.05).

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Published in Scientific Bulletin. Series F. Biotechnologies, Vol. XVII
Written by Mioara VARGA

After a short introduction of the deterministic SIS and SIR models, we present three types of stochastic epidemic models: discrete times Markov chain (DTMC) model, continuous times Markov chain (CTMC) model and stochastic differential equation (SDE) model. We discuss a stochastic epidemic model for dynamic of infectious diseases with variable population size, one which varies according to some population growth laws. Finally, we compare the stochastic differential equation of a SIS epidemic model having a constant population size with a stochastic differential equation having a variable population size.

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Published in Scientific Bulletin. Series F. Biotechnologies, Vol. XVII
Written by Ivan PAULIUC, Dorica BOTAU

The antibacterial activity of a gemmotherapic extract of Momordica charantia L., was investigated against 5 species of bacteria, Bacillus subtilis, Streptococcus faecalis, Serratiamarcescens, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and B. cereus v. mycoides, using the well diffusion assay. The extract was prepared from young buds of M. charantia, in according to the gemmotherapic principles. The result revealed that the extract had a significant inhibitory activity against Bacillus subtilis and Pseudomonas aeruginosa but moderate on the other species at a concentration of 50mg/mL. The results are indicating that the gemmotherapic extracts can be a viable alternative to the modern extraction techniques.

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Published in Scientific Bulletin. Series F. Biotechnologies, Vol. XVII
Written by Ivan PAULIUC, Dorica BOTAU

Ethanol and water extracts from aerial parts of Astragalus onobrychis were tested against 12 species of Candida, using the broth microdilution method, in order to determine the MIC values.The study showed a more potent activity on the ethanol extract with a MIC value of 2,57 mg/mL and a weaker activity on the water extract of 3,32 mg/mL on most of the Candida species studied.The results indicate that Astragalus onobrychis is a promising andidate for developing antifungal products.

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Published in Scientific Bulletin. Series F. Biotechnologies, Vol. XVII
Written by Elisabeta Elena TANASE, Maria RÂPA, Ovidiu POPA

Biopolymers are the preferred materials for biological and life science applications because of their high adaptability and compatibility with biological molecules and cells. Polymer-based biomaterials are widely used for medical applications due to the multiple physical and chemical properties of these materials. Biopolymers can be easily fabricated in various complex shapes and structures and additionally surface properties can be easily tuned. The concept of biodegradable plastics is of considerable interest with respect to solid waste accumulation and environment sustainability issues. Greater efforts have been made in developing degradable biological materials without any environmental pollution to replace oil-based traditional plastics. Among numerous kinds of degradable polymers, polylactic acid sometimes called polylactide, an aliphatic polyester and biocompatible thermoplastic, is currently a most promising and popular material with the brightest development prospect and was considered as the ‘green’ eco friendly material.

Published in Scientific Bulletin. Series F. Biotechnologies, Vol. XVII
Written by Andra MORARU, Stefana JURCOANE, Delia DIMITRIU

Recently studies have been carried out regarding Camelina sativa benefits. This oilseed plant that belongs to Brassicaceae family presents a major interest due to the fact that it can be a renewable resource for sustainable biofuels production. The oil obtained by crushing the seeds is rich in polyunsaturated fatty acids and can be processed in order to obtain biokerosene for aviation. Camelina oil has the property to resist at minus 47-48°C, the requirement for aviation fuel, due to negative temperature in the area the aircraft fly. In our study, Camelina sativa was cultivated in several locations from Romania: in the North (Iasi and Satu-Mare county), in the West (Arad county) and in the South (Calarasi county). Two camelina varieties were tested: GP 202 and GP 204. The aim of this study is to assess the camelina yield potential and identify the optimum cultivation technology. The climatic conditions and the soils were monitored during the tested period. The production was influenced by the sowing date. The best results were obtained at Iasi (2.9 t/ha), Calarasi (1.2 t/ha) and Satu-Mare (1.2 t/ha).

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Written by Madalina JURCOVAN, Nicole- Livia ATUDOSIEI, Valentina LAZIN, Daniela MIHĂILĂ

Article has been withdrawn due to technical problems arising from the structure of this article.

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Published in Scientific Bulletin. Series F. Biotechnologies, Vol. XVII
Written by Gëzime SHEHU, Kristaq BERXHOLI, Zaçe MALAJ,Luljeta QAFMOLLA, Ymer ELEZI

The growth of decorative birds in Albania in the recent years has brought an increased frequency of chlamydial infection not only in the flocks of birds but, also to humans. According to the data from the Public Health Institute (PHI) in Tirana, is it has been observed an increase in the vulnerability of people, mainly in to those who are in the young age who have been in contact with decorative birds. This study, the first of its kind conducted in Albania, was based on a serological control of 573 blood samples which were taken from pigeons, parrots and canaries in Tirana, Albania. Sampling was carried out in all four seasons of the year 2011 and their control was carried out by the Institute of Veterinary Food Safety (FSV) Tirana. In order to check them it was used an indirect immunofluorescence test (IFT), combined with chlamydia’s isolation in chicken egg embryo cells, as a comparative method, in which there were identified at least 51 cases with Ch. psittaci. Relative specificity of fluorescent antibody’s test in the serum was approximately 95.3% and the relative sensitivity was about 60.3%. Results of this study, which as mentioned above were conducted for the first time in Albania, showed that immunofluorescence tests performed using diagnostic kits of Medical servicce-2000, combined with primary isolation of chlamydia in embryo of chicken eggs,were very specific and very useful for the identification of useful option for veterinary service.

<a href="/pdf/vol.LVI/Art16.pdf" target="_self" title=" CHLAMYDIA PSITTACI

Published in Scientific Bulletin. Series F. Biotechnologies, Vol. XVII
Written by Shinawar Waseem ALI, Muhammad Saleem HAIDER, Muhammad RIAZ, Muhammad Hassan MUSHTAQ

Mycotoxins are secondary metabolites produced by certain species of fungi on grains in the field or after harvest and during transport and storage, etc. These are becoming ubiquitous pollutants in agricultural products, and represent a potential threat to human as well as animal health. Laws enacted to control the presence of mycotoxins in food and feed are increasing. Although some physical and chemical methods of detoxification are reported, bioremediation is going to be method of choice due to its environment friendly nature and low cost involved. Bioremediation is the elimination or biotransformation of mycotoxins into non-toxic metabolites by microbes such as bacteria or fungi. The genes involved in the degradation of mycotoxins by microbial activity have been reported to be cloned, and microbial trials for the treatment of contamination of agricultural products are in progress. This paper briefly describes the toxicity of mycotoxins i.e. deoxynivalenol (DON) and aflatoxin. In addition, the escalation of microbes such as acteria and fungi,capable of detoxifying these toxins in mixed cultures or pure culture is described. However, the results obtained so far can only be used as a first step in the development of technologies and business practices, as the experiments were performed on a laboratory scale only so far.Finally,future challenges and innovative strategies for decontamination of mycotoxins by microorganisms are elaborated.

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Published in Scientific Bulletin. Series F. Biotechnologies, Vol. XVII
Written by Elena PRUTEANU, Petru NICULITA, Luminita CATANA, Mioara NEGOITA, Alina BALEA

Dioxins (sum of polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins - PCDDs) and furans (polychlorinated dibenzofurans - PCDFs), are polychlorinated aromatic compounds with high toxic potential, which persist in the environment. Their degradation is extremely slow, they accumulate in the human body mainly through the consumption of contaminated food (in more than 90% of cases) and can not be destroyed by cooking or metabolized by living organisms. This study aims to underline the importance of their determination through advanced analytical methods such high-resolution gas chromatography coupled with high resolution mass spectrometry (HRGC-HRMS), in order to increase the food safety.

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