ISSN 2285-1364, ISSN CD-ROM 2285-5521, ISSN ONLINE 2285-1372, ISSN-L 2285-1364
 

Published in Scientific Bulletin. Series F. Biotechnologies, Vol. XVII
Written by Tia SETIAWATI, Agung KARUNIAWAN

Ipomoea trifida is considered as a wild crop relative to sweet potato Ipomoea batatas. A set of 10 accessions was selected for tubered-bearing I. rifida originated from Citatah West Java was evaluated on their diversity based on chromose traits. A field trial and laboratory analysis were conducted at Universitas Padjadjaran Bandung Indonesia. Relationship between species identified by cluster analysis and Principal Component Analysis (PCA). The results showed that the observation on the 10 accession of tubered-bearing I. trifida using nine chromosome traits produced dissimilarities distance (Euclidean coefficient) ranging from 1.75 to 6.22. Dendogram generated at a dissimilarity distance of 5.23 showed the formation of three main clusters. Principal Component Analysis (PCA) produced first two principal component (PC1 and PC2), which has been able to explain 89.64% of the total variation. It is concluded that thare are highy diveristy between 10 accession of tubered-bearing I .trifida based on chromosomes traits.

[Read full article] [Citation]

Published in Scientific Bulletin. Series F. Biotechnologies, Vol. XVII
Written by Olga DRĂGHICI, Maria-Viorela CODOI

In this paper, we studied the effect of active components of Ginkgo Biloba extract on vegetable oils. We used a commercial product of Ginkgo Biloba extract and an alcoholic extract of Ginkgo Biloba obtained from the commercial product. Influence of active compounds from Ginkgo Biloba, both in commercial and product of alcoholic extract was determined by peroxide and TBA index of vegetable oil. The extract added has no negative effects on the oil and it's good to know that the extract of Ginkgo Biloba in ethanol can be used as an antioxidant to prolong stability of oils. The results obtained indicate that oxidative processes have been slowed down both, for the commercial product and in the case of alcoholic extract.For a better demonstration of this data has been used, the notion of protection factor. After determination of the peroxide the best values were obtained for the samples with added Ginkgo Bioba extract in ethanol with a concentration of Ginkgo Biloba by 4 mg/mL, its oxidative stability increasing with 60% in relation to initial stability of oil without added.

[Read full article] [Citation]

Published in Scientific Bulletin. Series F. Biotechnologies, Vol. XVII
Written by Adriana Laura MIHAI, Mona Elena POPA

Nowadays, essential oils are used in pharmaceutical, sanitary, cosmetics, agriculture and food industry because of the biological activity, notably antibacterial, antifungal and antioxidant properties.Essential oils, or (EOs) for short, are natural compounds with a complex composition that contains volatile principles present in plants such as terpenes, terpenoids, phenol-derived aromatic components and aliphatic components.In food industry, it is crucial that the products to be supplied without any microbial contamination, but the biological efficacy of EOs to be used as antimicrobial agents in food system, depends on some factors as temperature, pH,appearance, load of microbial flora and the favorable environment.Studies demonstrated that the antimicrobial effects of EOs confirm structural and functional damages of membrane of bacterial pathogenic, resulting the leaking of the inner cell components, and eventually leading to the cell death (Cox et al., 2000). Usually, Gram-negative bacteria are less susceptible to antimicrobials, but this doesn’t mean that Grampositive bacteria are always more sensitive.Due to the fact that essential oils present compounds with antioxidant activity (phenolic compounds) it can be used in food industry as preservatives to prevent the spoilage of the products and to increase the shelf life.

[Read full article] [Citation]

Published in Scientific Bulletin. Series F. Biotechnologies, Vol. XVII
Written by Gabriela LUTA, Florentina ISRAEL-ROMING, Daniela BĂLAN, Evelina GHERGHINA

Berries fruits contain phytochemical components with antioxidant activity, such as polyphenols, ascorbic acid, that have possible protective effects on human health. Free radicals can induce changes in different cell biomolecules such as lipids, proteins, and nucleic acids. This oxidative stress is involved in pathogenesis of many human diseases: cancer, cardiovascular diseases, osteoporosis, neurodegenerative processes. The objective of these researches was to estimate and compare the free radicals scavenging activity of total extracts of certain berries fruits species: raspberry (Rubus idaeus), strawberry (Fragaria ananassa), sea-buckthorn (Hippophaea rhamnoides). The evaluation involved determination of total phenols using spectrophotometrical method and of ascorbic acid content by HPLC method. Total antioxidant capacity was determined using the stable free radical iphenylpicrylhydrazyl (DPPH) method and calculating the parameter IC50 (the concentration of sample which is required to scavenge 50% of DPPH free radicals). As expected, sea-buckthorn fruits manifested the highest radical scavenging activity expressed as EC50 value (512.76 πg/ml). A linear correlation was obtained for total phenols content (Pearson’s correlation coefficient -0.945) and for ascorbic acid (-0.8607).

[Read full article] [Citation]

Published in Scientific Bulletin. Series F. Biotechnologies, Vol. XVII
Written by Nadezhda PETKOVA, Panteley DENEV

The current research aimed to present the evaluation of the underground parts of two widespread plants in Bulgariaprickly lettuce (Lactuca serriola L.) and annual sow thistle (Sonchus oleraceus L.) as a source of inulin-type fructans.The sequential ethanol and water extractions from their dry taproots were carried out. The amount of extracted fructans was defined by the resorcinol assay. The fructooligosacharides and inulin contents of the obtained extracts were analyzed by TLC and HPLC-RID methods. The total fructan content in the weed plant Sonchus oleraceus L. (19.6% dw) is higher than the fructan level in the roots of Lactuca serriola L (9.56% dw). In the ethanol extracts were observed the presence of monosaccharide glucose and fructose, high level of sucrose and trisaccharides 1-kestose. In the result of the carried analysis, we can conclude that the roots are rich source of fructans as the fructoligosacharides fraction dominates in ethanolic extracts. These plants could not only be consider as weeds, but it have to pay attention to their future possibility to be used as a potential source of fructooligosacharides with prebiotic effect in nutrition formula for animals and human.

[Read full article] [Citation]

Published in Scientific Bulletin. Series F. Biotechnologies, Vol. XVII
Written by Andreea NISTOR, Mihaela CIOLOCA, Nicoleta CHIRU, Monica POPA

The callus is an unorganized mass of parenchymal proliferate cells that through cultivation, forming groups of meristematic cells, elements of leading system, pigmented cells, etc.. Using other explants than meristem, for regeneration neoplantlets require mandatory completion of a stage of callus culture. To obtain callus is need an agarose to support the cellular mass in growth. In 2012, at Brasov was fitted trifactorial experience,in which two Clones of Christian variety were studied, 6 media for callus induction and 2 explants sources consisting of leaf disc and petiole segment. The following results were obtained: medium, explant source (foliar disc, petiole segment) and variety have different influences on callus proliferation. The callus explants responded better to the foliar disk (72.5%) than petiole segments (40%). Media containing 3 mg / l 2,4-D and 3 mg / l BAP x 3 mg / l 2,4-D favored callus induction rate of 90%. Differences obtained by using BAP citokinine are statistically assured, very significant, negative compared to 2,4-D auxine (2mg/l- concentration regarded as control), by -3.5 explants / that induced callus. The callus which was obtained will be used for plantlets regeneration and to identify any somaclonal variation.

[Read full article] [Citation]

Published in Scientific Bulletin. Series F. Biotechnologies, Vol. XVII
Written by Basheer A. AL-ALWANI, Mohammed A. JEBOR, Yasser H. JALIL

The purpose of the research was to study the purification and characterization of lectin from Phaseolus vulgaris L. cv.white seeds. The lectin was purified by sequence of steps, namly, first with ammonium sulfate precipitation followed by ion exchange (DEAE cellulose) and gel filtration (sephadex G-200) chromatographies, and finally by polyacrylamide electrophoresis (PAGE). Single band was observed in native PAGE . The lectin was shown to have molecular weight of 33 kDa in SDS PAGE and about 35 kDa in gel filtration and purified about 9.01 fold to final specific activity of 64 titer/mg of protein. The hemagglutination activity of the lectin was stable within the pH range from 4-11 and temperature range from 0°-50°C. Chemical modification results indicate that lysine and tryptophan were crucial for the hemagglutination activity of lectin. The results of carbohydrates specificity showed that the lectin was had complex sugar specifities, but not specific to xylose and mannose.

[Read full article] [Citation]

Published in Scientific Bulletin. Series F. Biotechnologies, Vol. XVII
Written by Mariana CĂLIN, Iuliana RAUŢ, Olguta DRACEA, Luiza JECU, Veronica LAZĂR

Dermatophytosis has become one of the most common human infectious diseases in the world so it is of interest to dedicate more studies to its etiological agent’s dermatophytes. These keratinophilic and keratinolytic filamentous fungi have the ability to invade and colonize keratinized layers of the skin and their appendages. Dermatophytes fungi group include three anamorphic genera namely Epidermophyton, Microsporum and Trichophyton. These three genera include geophilic, zoophilic and anthropophilic species. Usually these filamentous fungi are identified on the basis of conidia morphology and sometimes with specific physiological characters, such as the hair strand perforation and urea hydrolysis. The objective of present study was to isolate and to identify some filamentous dermatophytes fungi from human superficial mycoses. Isolated samples (scales, fragments of nails and subungual debris) were cultured on specific culture media during four months. After incubation time, morphological characters of cultured fungal were observed macroscopically and microscopically. The following cultural characteristics were analyzed: texture, surface and reverse color of the colony, the presence of pigmentation. Microscopic examination offered data on specific characters such as, the presence/absence of macroconidia and microconidia, theirs shape, their septa number, the presence of chlamydoconidia, spiral hyphae and nodular organs. The strains identification was completed with in vitro hair strand perforation and urea hydrolysis. The isolated microbial strains were identified as belonging to Trichophyton and Microsporum genera.

[Read full article] [Citation]

Published in Scientific Bulletin. Series F. Biotechnologies, Vol. XVII
Written by Larisa CREMENEAC, Tatiana BOCLACI

The paper summarizes the world and own experience using worm culture (earthworms) for utilization of various organic wastes, use of products worm cultivation (worm compost, biomass, worms and alarm pheromone) in a number of industries. Recognized features of physiological development and maintenance of worm culture, the stages and the basic conditions of industrial cultivation technology, the product features and their use. The bioconversion process of organic wastes is implemented in the Experimental Section of the Scientific and Practical Institute of Biotechnologies in Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine. The studies conducted by several states, including Moldova, concluded that worm compost has a positive influence on crop productivity, reducing growth period, their resistance to unfavourable climatic conditions and common plant diseases. Worm cultivation opens up new perspectives and opportunities for introducing technology of obtaining the protein not only for feed purposes, but also in the food industry for the production ecological products. The results of research showed that the products obtained from biomass worms and alarm pheromone, can serve as raw material for the preparation of medicinal products used in medicine and in veterinary medicine for the control and prevention of various diseases. Technology of bioconversion of organic waste using worm culture is designed for landowners, farmers, ranchers, and agricultural enthusiasts, and others as an alternative method for the sustainable development of agriculture. The research conducted and analysis of results about the development of worm cultivation found that: worm cultivation is a branch that has the ability to solve stringent ecological problems existing in some sectors of the national economy, contributing to the development of sustainable agriculture and otained ecological agricultural productions, products obtained as a result of worm cultivation can be widely used in crop, livestock, human and veterinary medicine.

[Read full article] [Citation]

Published in Scientific Bulletin. Series F. Biotechnologies, Vol. XVII
Written by GROWTH AND ACTIVITY OF CELLULASE-AMYLASE ENZYME PENICILLIUM NALGIOVENSE AND ASPERGILLUS TAMARII MOLDS ISOLATED FROM COW RUMEN FLUID

Cow rumen fluid is a fluid rich in cellulolytic microbes that play a role to help digest food that contains high crude fiber. Two species of moulds have been isolated from the cellulolytic rumen fluid of local cattle and have identified as Penicillium nalgiovense and Aspergillus tamarii. Cellulolytic Index both of Penicillium nalgiovense and Aspergillus tamarii were 2.33 and 1.24 respectively. The purpose of this study is to characterize their growth and activities of cellulase and amylase. Research include: 1) growth of mould 2) macroscopic description, and 3) activities of cellulase and amylase enzyme using the DNS (3,5-dinitrosalicylic acid) method. Based on the growth curve is known that the logarithmic phase of growth of Penicillium nalgiovense peak occurred on day 6 with a population of 9.696 x 103 cfu cells, whereas Aspergillustamarii logarithmic phase, occurred on day 5 with a population of 4.65 x 102 cfu cells. Cell morphological characters of P. nalgiovense as conidium colour milky white, and spore powdery, in the early growth of Penicillium nalgiovense white colonies after a while the colonies get old is also white and conidiophores with smooth stipe. As macroscopic A.tamarii is yellow-brownish, at the beginning of growth colonies colour is a bright yellow growth after several days, color were changed to dark brownish yellow. This mold has a conidial head yellow-brown,not columnar and have ornaments that are not clear. Cellulase enzyme activity in Penicillium nalgiovense amounted to 2.420 units / ml, and amylase enzyme activity of 2.146 units / ml. Aspergillustamariii to be used for degradation of fiber for feed.

[Read full article] [Citation]

Page 2 of 5

The publisher is not responsible for the opinions published in the Volume. They represent the authors’ point of view.

© 2019 Scientific Bulletin Series F.“Biotechnologies“. All Rights Reserved. To be cited: Scientific Bulletin Series F.“Biotechnologies“.

Powered by INTELIDEV

Biotechnologies Journal