Published in Scientific Bulletin. Series F. Biotechnologies, Vol. XXIV, Issue 2
Written by Paul Costinel DICU, Ovidiu POPA, Gabriela MĂRGĂRIT, Narcisa BĂBEANU
Lignocellulosic materials are the constituent elements of all plants and are most renewable feedstock available for most regions of our world. Lignocellulosic waste represents huge amounts of unutilized plant-based bioresurces, difficult to degrade for industry. Very important components of natural lignocellulosic materials are carbohydrate polymers represented by cellulose and hemicellulose, and lignin an aromatic polymer. In its natural lignocellulose state, cellulose is protected from microbial degradation, mainly due to the lignin and hemicellulose polymer components. The biotechnology of lignocellulosic material conversion into bio-products normally requires multistep processes. The focus of this article is a study on the potential cultivation of edible and medicinal mushrooms, using different types of residues as natural substrates: fruit tree wastes, winery and vine wastes, agricultural and agro-industrial wastes. A large number of fungi are capable for selectively degrading lignin. Proper management of lignocellulose biodegradation and utilization can serve to improve the quality of the environment.
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