ISSN 2285-1364, ISSN CD-ROM 2285-5521, ISSN ONLINE 2285-1372, ISSN-L 2285-1364
 

Published in Scientific Bulletin. Series F. Biotechnologies, Vol. XIX
Written by Mihai PALADE, Mona-Elena POPA

The Wine aroma is one of the most important factors in determining its character and quality. The aromatic compounds are accumulated in the peel and grape, and can pass to wine unmodified or by changing their form.The approach to determine certain markers which are depending mainly on grape variety and cultivation area is very innovative one. In this work, methanolic extracts of grape skin, pulp and seeds of three Vitis vinifera L. varieties were assessed in order to differentiate among their volatile profiles. The grape samples were obtained from the Murfatlar vineyard (Romania): Cabernet Sauvignon, Merlot and Feteasca Neagra. The wines produced from these grapes are awarded the “Protected Designation of Origin” (PDO) label. The evaluation of the volatile profiles was done by gas chromatography/ mass spectrometric detection. The headspace analysis revealed several monoterpens, alcohols, acids and carbonyl compounds. The results are consistent with the methodology for the authentication of the grape variety according to the profile of the volatile compounds, in terms of semi-quantitative interpretation.

[Read full article] [Citation]

Published in Scientific Bulletin. Series F. Biotechnologies, Vol. XIX
Written by Ana Raluca BIŢICĂ, Aurel GIURA

In the last decade, the use of double haploid lines in maize breeding programmes has become a standard procedure. This has become possible due to the substantial progress achieved by using in vivo maternal haploid technology induction. Currently, there are in use haploid inducers with inducing efficiency up to 15 %, making possible utilization of double haploid (DH) technology on a large scale. The most important advantages of this system is to shorten the period for obtaining homozygous lines (only 2 years) as compared to the conventional system (5-7 years) and high recognition precision of the putative haploid kernels. The anthocyanin coloration of the aleurone can vary from a small patch to covering the entire aleurone zone, exception kernel basis. Intensity of anthocyanin can range from very poor to strong anthocyanin both in the embryo and aleurone . According to the literature, haploids obtained from dent genotypes are more easily recognized and both anthocyanin coloration and intensity of the coloration are better expressed than in flint genotypes. Since 2013, at NARDI Fundulea, we made some observation regarding the size and intensity of the anthocyanin coloration for the dent and flint genotypes studied. Annotations done on both aleurone and embryo were assessed with scores from 0-4: 0 for the lack of pigmentation and 4 for intense pigmentation. The objective of the present study was to see what score corresponds to a good choice of the haploid kernels.

[Read full article] [Citation]

Published in Scientific Bulletin. Series F. Biotechnologies, Vol. XIX
Written by Dinu Mihai, Emanuel Vamanu

Cultivation of winter oyster mushroom is realised in an increasing number and variety of ways, due to minimum environmental requirements, and its high productivity. The research was made on different substrates, in order to identify an efficient formula for the Pleurotus ostreatus M 2175 species cultivation under household. The sawdust, available in Nehoiu, Buzău was mainly used. Heat-sterilized substrate was placed in heat-resistant plastic bags. The inoculum was obtained on sterilized wheat seeds, at a ratio of 1 - 2%. The average temperature of colonization/fructification varied between 17 – 200 C. It was noted that all substrate formulas could support cultivation of the P. ostreatus M 2175 species, including formula partially containing softwood sawdust. The number of primordia was comparable to controls developed exclusively on beech sawdust and chopped straw. The study proved that this mushroom species has a significant adaptability to different types of substrate.

[Read full article] [Citation]

Published in Scientific Bulletin. Series F. Biotechnologies, Vol. XIX
Written by Emoke PALL, Olga SORITAU, Alexandra ROMAN, Ioan S. GROZA

Tissue engineering is a rapidly developing area that might restore, maintain or improve tissue functions. The major elements of tissue engineering are: integrate cells, scaffolds and biologically active molecules. These components act synergistically to regulate stem cell propagation and differentiation thus ensuring tissue regeneration. For evaluation of biocompatibility of enamel matrix derivative (EMD) based biomaterial, palatal mesenchymal stem (PMSCs) cells at a density of 1x105 cells were co cultured. The level of adherence was daily assessed. The viability of cells was evaluated after 24h, 72h and 7 day using FDA (fluorescein diacetate) assay. Our study revealed that the selected biomaterial are biocompatible and can be used as scaffolds for mesenchymal stem cells delivery especially for periodontal regeneration.

[Read full article] [Citation]

Published in Scientific Bulletin. Series F. Biotechnologies, Vol. XIX
Written by Ana-Cristina FĂTU, Mihaela-Monica DINU, Ana-Maria ANDREI

The entomopathogenic fungus Beauveria brongniartii Sacc. (Petch) is the most important natural enemy of Melolontha melolontha L. Three strains of B. brongniartii isolated from natural diseased M. melolontha larvae were tested in order to assess the effects of temperature and relative humidity on conidial germination, the most important factors during the initialization of infection process. Conidial germination was examined at temperatures ranging from 4° to 33°C, on PDA medium. The effect of relative humidity was tested using the method described by Beyer et al. (2004) with slight changes. RHs tested were 29.8% CaCl2, 52.6% Ca(NO3)2, 75.3% NaCl,, 84.7% KCl,, 92.7% KNO3 and 100% deionized water. The results show that no strain germinated at 4 and 10°C. At 22°C all isolates exceeded 95% germination after 24 h. Temperatures over 25°C had a negative influence on the rate of spore germination. Incubation of conidia at low humidity (RH 29%) suppressed germination for all strains. All relative humidities over 29.8% were found favorable for germination of all this strains.

[Read full article] [Citation]

Published in Scientific Bulletin. Series F. Biotechnologies, Vol. XIX
Written by Petyr PANAYOTOV, Katya YOANIDU, Petya BOYANOVA

Analyses of the possibilities for early cutting of rennet gel in the production of cheese were made, in order to achieve more efficient use of the technological equipment. The moment of cutting the coagulum was determined by studying the rheological properties of the gel (strength, compactness, elasticity). An increase in the losses of dry matter in whey was observed in early cutting of the coagulum, result of the fragile microstructure of the milk gel. The influence of the time for initial coagulation and rennet gel compactness on protein (casein) losses in whey was examined during enzymatic coagulation of cow’s milk. The amount of used milk-clotting enzymes of calf, camel and microbial origin was 30 cm3.10-2.dm-3. Cutting of the gel was carried out after15, 22, 30 and 60 min. The final tested value was indicated as control. For the three milk coagulants studied, inversely proportional alteration of protein losses was established, for a time of initial coagulation between 520-630 s. A tendency to minimize the protein losses in whey was monitored by increasing the compactness and the strength of the rennet gel, which was significantly influenced by the type of used coagulants. The obtained results can be used to analyze, predict, and modificate the technological process in cheese practice and production, particularly for production of hard-type cheeses.

[Read full article] [Citation]

Published in Scientific Bulletin. Series F. Biotechnologies, Vol. XIX
Written by Lidiya GEORGIEVA, Ivan IVANOV, Andrey MARCHEV, Ina ANEVA, Vasil GEORGIEV, Panteley DENEV, Atanas PAVLOV

The aim of the study was development of protocols for obtaining callus cultures from Fumaria rostellata Knaf. For the purpose leaves, stems and flowers of the investigated plant were used as explants. Callus was initiated on a Murashige and Skoog nutrient medium, supplemented with 30 g/l sucrose, 5.5 g/l “Plant” agar and various concentrations (0.2; 0.5; 1.0; 2.0; 3.0 mg/l) of auxin (2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid) and cytokine (6-benzylaminopurine). The best results for initiation of calli were observed at a low concentration of 2,4-D (0.2 mg/l or 0.5 mg/l) and a high concentration of BAP (2.0 mg/l or 3.0 mg/l). It is well known that Fumaria plants are rich sources of isoquinoline alkaloids and obtained in vitro cultures from F. rostellata could be used as potential technological matrixes for development of a commercial process for protopine production.

[Read full article] [Citation]

Published in Scientific Bulletin. Series F. Biotechnologies, Vol. XIX
Written by Daniela Sabina Elena VĂTUIU, Mona Elena POPA

Throughout the technological process of obtaining dairy products occur unintentionally or not, microbial contamination, both internal and external with various pathogens that negative change their quality and threaten the health and safety of consumers. Consumption of dairy products contaminated with pathogens like Salmonella or Listeria monocytogenes causes unwanted effects: food poisoning, meningitis, cardiovascular disease, listeriosis, encephalitis, miscarriage, gastroenteritis, in some cases resulting in death etc. Using LAB (lactic acid bacteria) in the dairy industry adds a plus protection and safety to consumer by preventing illness; also LAB have a beneficial role on longevity and helps to prolong preservation of dairy products. Experimental research objectives are intended to level of inhibition by LAB (Delbrueckii subsp. Bulgaricus, Streptococcus thermophilus and Lactococcus subsp. Lactis) on some pathogenic Salmonella and Listeria monocytones twins.

[Read full article] [Citation]

Published in Scientific Bulletin. Series F. Biotechnologies, Vol. XIX
Written by Mioara Ancuţa DUMITRU, Ştefana JURCOANE

The leather manufacturing process produces annual tons of misspends being considered very harmful for nature. Solid waste generated in leather industry contains protein as main component. The biotechnological sector allows us to use this worthless material as microbial substrate for enzyme production. Those enzymes have multiple uses and can cover numerous industrial needs. This paper covers some potential applications in the agriculture sector as fertilizer. Leather hydrolysate results from bacterial conversion of leather proteins. The specific bacteria where obtained through isolation of the compostation of leather and incubated 48 hours into a minimal media. During the optimization process the maximum proteinase production was 1.5 U/ml and it was achieved after 120 hours of incubation at 35oC, using a minimal media and 0.6 shredded leather. Leather debris containing proteins and amino acids which can be applied as bio-growth increase by environmental secure technologies, and eventually in organic output production. The leather hydrolysate resulting from the microbial conversion of hide protein can be manipulated as organic nitrogen soil input.

[Read full article] [Citation]

Published in Scientific Bulletin. Series F. Biotechnologies, Vol. XIX
Written by Stelian Matei PETRE, Stefana JURCOANE

In Romania, up to 90% of the farms have linked the agricultural and animal husbandry business in order to reduce the inputs and to increase profitability and business sustainability. Camelina sativa is also an rotational oil seed crop, harvested and used after oil extraction as a protein meal in romanian dairy commercial farms This study shows the nutritional potential of Camelina sativa meal, by-product from Camelina seeds after oil extraction, oil used as renewable source for several types biofuels. Feeding is the biggest input in dairy cattle farms, due to higher worldwide demand, protein is one of biggest financial inputs in dairy cattle nutrition of commercial farms. Moreover, traditional protein meals are not available for whole seasons and solutions are sought permanently. In order to reduce the inclusion rate of traditional meals such as soybean meal, rapeseed meal and sunflower meal, any source of protein is welcomed, especially when is a by-product from renewable biofuels production that enters in the food production chain. We performed a study for assessing the inclusion rate of traditional meals in several commercial dairy farms with more than 300 milking cows, were the consumption of protein meals are important due to high milk production. Camelina meal has big potential to replace up to 15% of the protein concentrate which will provide a better utilisation of biofuels technology by-products, from financial point of view and more important, there might be an environmental protection due to reduction of Greenhouse gases resulted from biofuels whole chain production, determined with Life Cycle Assessment method.

[Read full article] [Citation]

Page 3 of 7

The publisher is not responsible for the opinions published in the Volume. They represent the authors’ point of view.

© 2019 Scientific Bulletin Series F.“Biotechnologies“. All Rights Reserved. To be cited: Scientific Bulletin Series F.“Biotechnologies“.

Powered by INTELIDEV

Biotechnologies Journal