ISSN 2285-1364, ISSN CD-ROM 2285-5521, ISSN ONLINE 2285-1372, ISSN-L 2285-1364
 

Published in Scientific Bulletin. Series F. Biotechnologies, Vol. XXVI, Issue 1
Written by Ioana TABREA, Lucia PIRVU, Narcisa BĂBEANU, Călina Petruța CORNEA, Nicoleta RADU

The study provides an overview of the bioactive molecules present in Arctium lappa. The main bioactive compounds in this plant, their pharmacological activities, and the main methods of obtaining bioproducts concentrated in these bioactive compounds are summarized. Due to the diversity of pharmaceutical activities of the bioactive components found in Arctium lappa (biomolecules with anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial, antioxidant, antitumor properties) this species can be considered a potential source of compounds with therapeutic properties of interest.

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Published in Scientific Bulletin. Series F. Biotechnologies, Vol. XXVI, Issue 1
Written by Valentina VASILE, Matilda CIUCĂ, Elena NICOLAE, Cătălina VOAIDEȘ, Călina Petruța CORNEA

Maize (Zea mays ssp. mays) is today one of the most important cereal crops used not only for human consumption but although for feed or for industrial purposes, without the genetic evolution and the active intervention of breeders in the plant constant improvement, maize would not have today significance. In this study, seeds from thirteen maize inbred lines (LC1-LC13) were analysed using eight SSRs markers recommended for seed varietal purity assessment. The seeds classes for maize inbred lines used in this study were pre-basic and basic seeds. Three of the maize inbred lines chosen for testing from both pre-basic and basic categories were analysed in order to verify that the varietal purity is preserved. High genetic similarity was between inbred line LC1 and LC2. SSR marker phi015 was the most polymorphic marker followed by umc1545, umc1448 and umc1117. The SSRs markers that showed low polymorphism were umc1061 and phi109275. The aim of this study was to select the most informative SSRs markers which fit to prove the varietal purity and to assess genetic diversity for maize seeds.

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Published in Scientific Bulletin. Series F. Biotechnologies, Vol. XXVI, Issue 1
Written by Angela MORARU, Florin OANCEA

Bacterial nanocellulose (BNC) is a fibrillar nanomaterial composed of β-(1 → 4) glucan chains, with <100 nm widths. Usually, the BNC is produced by mechanical disintegration of the cellulose fibrils network biosynthesized by several bacterial species, both gram-negative bacteria such as acetic acid bacteria, agrobacteria, rhizobia, and gram-positive bacteria from Sarcina and Bacillus genera. One dimension of BC is still micrometric; therefore, it is considered a 1D nanomaterial. BNC presents suitable mucoadhesive formulation features – biocompatibility and biodegradability, water retention, shear-thinning, good interaction with mucin. In this review, we focus mainly on the non-Newtonian behavior / shear-thinning characteristic of the BNC hydrogel. Due to this characteristic, BNC could be used as an in-situ thickener for the mucoadhesive formulations, which generate low viscosity gel and droplets.

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Published in Scientific Bulletin. Series F. Biotechnologies, Vol. XXVI, Issue 1
Written by Iulia-Elena SUSMAN, Mihaela MULȚESCU, Gabriela STAMATIE, Alina CULEȚU, Mona Elena POPA

Buckwheat (BF), sorghum (SF) and coconut (CF) flours as well as pea protein (PP) are considered alternative raw materials for gluten-free baked products. A cookie formulation based on 100% rice flour was control. Rice flour was substituted with different percentages of BF or SF (20%, 30% and 40%) and 20% PP and 10% CF were added to increase cookies nutritional values. This study showed how the addition of buckwheat and sorghum flour influenced the physico-chemical, texture and colour properties as well as the sensory attributes. Samples with 20% and 30% SF or BF had better scores than control, the highest acceptance scores were 6.44 for cookies with 20% SF and 6.11 for cookies with 20% BF. The colour measurement showed that the samples with the addition of SF were lighter than BF. Also, the samples with BF had similar colour in the control. Moreover, by adding different raw materials to rice flour, the level of protein and fiber increased.

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Published in Scientific Bulletin. Series F. Biotechnologies, Vol. XXVI, Issue 1
Written by Alexandra-Mihaela NAGY, Paula BOBOC (OROS), Corina CĂTANĂ, Maria-Mihaela ANTOFIE, Camelia SAVA SAND

Solanum tuberosum L. is considered a major food/feed source since ancient times for both humans and animals. Potato cultivation is important at the global level to its extraordinary yield per unit area, being cultivated in over 120 countries worldwide. Over time, the consumption tendencies regarding potato have changed, and new varieties including purple flesh, are gradually growing in popularity. Purple flash potatoes are native to Peru but during the past decades became popular in Europe as well as in Romania. Among the main varieties of popular purple flash potatoes grown in Romania are ʻSalad Blue’ and 'Violet Negretin’ both being rich in nutritional substances including anthocyanins. The scope of this study is to analyse the in vitro initiation and micropropagation of these cultivars. In this regard the best cultivation media is Murashige & Skoog (1962, MS62) for micropropagation. By adding Gamborg vitamins to MS62 minerals we also tested the effects of chitosan (2 mg/l) and/or active charcoal (2 g/l). Visible positive effects on micropropagation only on the culture medium supplemented with active charcoal were obtained.

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Published in Scientific Bulletin. Series F. Biotechnologies, Vol. XXVI, Issue 1
Written by Quthama AL-ZAIDI, Camelia Filofteia DIGUȚĂ, Getuța DOPCEA, Florentina MATEI

Microbial contamination is one of the most important obstacles in the food industry. In order to control microbial contamination, many methods have been developed over the years to reveal the behaviour and characteristics of microorganisms in order to control them and in order to understand the impact of microorganisms on foods. Increasing concerns about outbreaks of foodborne diseases require rapid on-site and sensitive methods for the detection of microorganisms in various food matrices. In the current review, a brief discussion is presented about the methods used for the detection of pathogenic microorganisms present in food matrices, especially the tools based on nucleic acids extraction.

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Published in Scientific Bulletin. Series F. Biotechnologies, Vol. XXVI, Issue 1
Written by Xinfa WANG, Vladislav ZUBKO, Viktor ONYCHKO, Mingfu ZHAO

This paper analyzes the development status and trend of intelligent plant factories in China, hoping to give enlightenment to the development of plant factories in Ukraine or other countries. With the development of modern agricultural science and technology, plant industrialized production has become the preferred development mode of modern agriculture. At present, the plant factory is not highly intelligent and is in the stage of semi artificial intelligence. Most of the production operations and management are completed manually, which is difficult to manage, high cost and low efficiency. Process and analyze the real-time monitoring data, dynamically generate the management decision-making model, intelligently control the integrated irrigation equipment of water and fertilizer, the automatic recycling system of nutrient solution and other equipment and systems, and comprehensively intelligently regulate the LED artificial light, temperature and humidity, CO2 concentration and air flow. These require highly intelligent facilities and equipment to jointly provide the most suitable growth environment for crops. Therefore, the effective integration of agricultural machinery and agronomy is the key to realize the intelligent management of plant factories. The deep integration of agricultural equipment with artificial intelligence and information technology to improve its automation and intelligence level will help to solve the problems existing in the industrialization of plant factories and the scale of crop planting.

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Published in Scientific Bulletin. Series F. Biotechnologies, Vol. XXVI, Issue 1
Written by Valentin ZAMFIROPOL-CRISTEA, Iulia RĂUT, Florin OANCEA

Conservation agriculture is a farming system that includes no-tillage and coverage of the soil with plant residues. Despite many advantages, there are also drawbacks of such conservative systems. Plant residues promote the development of soil-borne pathogens and delay early crop development stages. Bioproducts based on microbial plant biostimulant strains were applied to compensate for the drawbacks of the conservation farming system. This paper evaluates the eco-efficiency and the economic benefits of using plant biostimulant Trichoderma strains as a plant residues treatment. To determine eco-efficiency, we used a Life-Cycle Analysis approach. We calculate the gross margin based on average yields and available statistical costs for outputs (tomatoes) and inputs for economic benefits estimation. The application of Trichoderma-based plant biostimulant bioproducts significantly increased the yield by 16.03%. The greenhouse gas (GHGs) production calculation reveals that the biostimulant application to plant residues reduced GHGs emissions per production unit. The yield increase compensates for the additional costs of the bioproducts. The gross margin is higher in the conservation farming system, which utilizes Trichoderma plant biostimulants.

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Published in Scientific Bulletin. Series F. Biotechnologies, Vol. XXVI, Issue 1
Written by Daniel-Nicolae COJANU, Oana-Alina BOIU-SICUIA, Ana-Maria ANDREI, Călina Petruţa CORNEA

Bacillus spp. gained worldwide recognition and continues to be both a benchmark in biological control and also an important source of biological material for future genetic approaches. Although predominant bioinsecticidal toxins are derived from Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) varieties, there are several other virulence factors associated with different Gram-positive bacteria, as well as with Gram-negatives. Identifying the best strains with entomopathogenic activity ensures a high success of pests’ biocontrol products. Moreover, detecting virulence factor genes in entomopathogenic bacteria can suggest general host pest spectrum. However, recently found toxins with entomopathogenic activity identified throughout the bacterial kingdom in other species than Bt, can broaden our knowledge regarding insect pest management. This review aims to analyse the status of bacterial based bioinsecticides focusing on Bt varieties accepted as active ingredients in EU commercial pesticides, listing other potential entomopathogenic bacteria, and describing the genetic virulence factors against arthropod and nematode pests.

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Published in Scientific Bulletin. Series F. Biotechnologies, Vol. XXVI, Issue 1
Written by Diana GROPOŞILĂ-CONSTANTINESCU, Andreea-Antonia MILITARU, Gabriela POPA, Luminiţa VIŞAN, Gabriela MĂRGĂRIT, Dana BARBA, Radu TOMA

Hand hygiene is one of the most important and healthy habits that each of us should practice. The ingredients used in the formulation of hand sanitizers, as well as their concentration, must be chosen carefully not to affect the hand skin. Four sanitizers have been formulated, containing natural products that give a pleasant and moisturizing consistency, a pleasant smell, and an application as easy as possible. Two disinfectants, 96% ethyl alcohol and 99.9% isopropyl alcohol, glycerin, Aloe-Vera pulp and four flavoring substances, tea tree essential oil, lemon essential oil, eucalyptus essential oil, essential oil of lavender, were used. The obtained sanitizers were analyzed from an organoleptic and physico-chemical point of view. The products had a pleasant appearance, a fluid consistency without signs of phase separation, a very pleasant, aromatic odor, a pH around five and, most importantly, an antibacterial effect, along with an effective moisturizing of the skin. The sanitizer solutions were applied to the hands by spraying.

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