ISSN 2285-1364, ISSN CD-ROM 2285-5521, ISSN ONLINE 2285-1372, ISSN-L 2285-1364
 

Published in Scientific Bulletin. Series F. Biotechnologies, Vol. XXV, Issue 1
Written by Valentina VASILE, Matilda CIUCĂ, Elena NICOLAE, Cătălina VOAIDEȘ, Călina Petruța CORNEA

Although it is well known that molecular biology techniques have recently seen a significant increase in the development of new research methods, an important role when choosing the appropriate working methods lies not only in the methods acceptance criteria such as specificity, applicability, robustness but also in the final cost of the implemented technology. Therefore, although methods involving SSR markers are much more specific and informative than other and these markers can be easily identified by PCR techniques, difficulties may arise in interpreting the results if the chosen SSR markers are not suitable for researches purposes or the conditions for PCR reaction are not appropriate. The methods optimization plays an important role in obtaining the desired results. The aim of this study was to choose the most suitable PCR conditions optimizing either the reaction parameters by varying the reagents used or their concentration as well as PCR amplification conditions when using fourteen SSRs markers in wheat cultivars grown in Romania. The SSRs markers DuPw167, DuPw217, DuPw004, DuPw115, DuPw205, Xgwm155, Xgwm413, Xgwm003, Xgwm372, Xbarc184, Xbarc347, Xbarc074, Xgwm052 and Xgwm095 were amplified with three PCR reaction mixtures at different annealing temperatures. All SSRs markers gave the best amplification profiles with the PCR mix 2 which had as reagent a Hot Start Taq DNA Polymerase. By choosing the best methods conditions a successful amplification and a unique allele profile may be provided thus being able to standardize the methods used.

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Published in Scientific Bulletin. Series F. Biotechnologies, Vol. XXIV, Issue 2
Written by Cristina SARION, Adriana DABIJA, Georgiana Gabriela CODINĂ

The paper aimed to present the evaluation of acrylamide (AA) content in foodstuffs during 2018-2019 periods on the Romania market. It is based on the data provided by the National Sanitary Veterinary and Food Safety Authority (ANSVSA). The acrylamide levels were analyzed within ANSVSA by high performance liquid chromatography coupled with a diode array detector (HPLC-UV). The number of foodstuffs samples analyzed in Romania at the national level by ANSVSA was 138 from which 50 were analyzed in 2018 and 88 in 2019. From the total of foodstuffs samples analyzed only in one foodstuff sample was detected the AA level in 2018 and in sixteen foodstuffs samples was detected the AA in 2019.

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Published in Scientific Bulletin. Series F. Biotechnologies, Vol. XXIV, Issue 2
Written by Cristina POPOVICI, Mihaela Adriana TIȚA, Anatolii CARTASEV, Vladislav RESITCA, Nina BOGDAN, Olga MIGALATIEV

Goat milk production is a dynamic and growing industry that is fundamental to the wellbeing of hundreds of millions of people worldwide and is an important part of the economy in many countries. In this research goat milk samples, obtained from the individual farms were investigated to chemical composition and physico-chemical properties. The strains of valuable native lactic bacteria of the species Streptococcus thermophilus and Lactobacillus bulgaricus were selected with stable technological characteristics for the fermentation of goat milk. The scheme for preparing starter cultures and recommendations regarding the use of consortia of symbiotic cultures for the production of goat milk yogurt have been developed. Starter cultures were obtained for the manufacture of goat milk yogurt, with biotechnological properties characteristic for fermented dairy products.

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Published in Scientific Bulletin. Series F. Biotechnologies, Vol. XXIV, Issue 2
Written by Nicolò MONTEGIOVE, Eleonora CALZONI, Alessio CESARETTI, Husam ALABED, Roberto Maria PELLEGRINO, Carla EMILIANI, Alessia PELLEGRINO, Leonardo LEONARDI

Fresh meats and meat meals are important components for the production of dry pet food. Both of these raw materials are by-products of meat processing generated during the production of food for human consumption. Being by-products, they can be more subject to contamination and proliferation of microorganisms which degrade the organic component and lead to the development of degradation products such as biogenic amines. Biogenic amines are nitrogen compounds produced by microbial decarboxylation of amino acids, thus being very present in foods rich in certain amino acids. The ingestion of foods containing a large amount of biogenic amines can cause intoxication and harmful consequences for the body. The increase in the presence of biogenic amines in food can be attributed to direct contamination by microorganisms or to inappropriate storage conditions of the food. In fact, to prevent the formation of biogenic amines, it is needed to respect the proper times and methods for the conservation of the raw materials used. This study analyses the possible presence of biogenic amines in the raw materials used for dry pet food production through the use of mass spectrometry, capable of identifying molecules present in small quantities. The results show how meat meals have higher concentration of biogenic amines compared to fresh meats, suggesting that the proliferation of microorganisms and the consequent formation of these nitrogen compounds in meat meals is probably due to the low quality of the raw materials used and to their inadequate storage conditions.

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Published in Scientific Bulletin. Series F. Biotechnologies, Vol. XXV, Issue 1
Written by Roxana HOROIAȘ, Marius BECHERIȚU, Cristian CIOINEAG, Paul BOROVINĂ, Carmen GAIDĂU, Mihaela NICULESCU

In 2020, nine new biostimulators for maize crop, with foliar application, have been created and the testing process started. All these biostimulators are based on protein additives, respectively hydrolyzed keratin and collagen of animal origin, obtained from residues left after the skins tanning process. The tested products have been applied in 2 phases (3- 4 and 7-8 leaves) and in 2 graduations (2.5 and 5.0 l/ha). In maize crop, in successive experiments in the laboratory and in research fields, two biometric indicators have been chosen, namely chlorophyll content index (CCI) and plants height. Each time the measurements have been made 5 days after the foliar application of the biostimulators. After performing both foliar treatments with biostimulators, it has been found that both chlorophyll content index (CCI) and plants height are significantly influenced by some of the products tested (increases of up to 100% in chlorophyll and 10- 15% in plant height), compared to control plot (untreated). By correlating the results of these indicators with those of yields, it will be possible to choose the products with the best efficiency, with optimal characteristics for maize and which will go further in the testing process.

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Published in Scientific Bulletin. Series F. Biotechnologies, Vol. XXIV
Written by Anastasya FOKINA, Tetiana SATAROVA, Kateryna DENYSIUK, Mykola KHARYTONOV, Mykhaylo BABENKO, Iryna RULA

Different species and hybrids of Paulownia are valuable technical, bioenergetic, medicinal and decorative crops cultivated all over the world. We investigated in vitro microclonal propagation of hybrid Paulownia elongata × Paulownia fortunei via auxiliary buds activation. The phytohormone regulation of the growth and development of cuttings was studied on the base of modified MS medium with different concentrations of 6-benzylaminopurine with and without 0.2 mg/l 3-indole-acetic acid. The addition of 2.0 mg/l alone appeared to be optimal for new shoot formation. The best for rooting was ½MS supplemented with 1.0 mg/l indole-3-butyric acid. The mass loss of wood at the stage of cellulose decomposition was ranged from 57.3 to 63.9% in two versions of soil profiles containing water retention layer. The initial results allow estimating P. elongata × P. fortunei as a plant which demonstrated stable adaption potential as bioenergy tree.

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Published in Scientific Bulletin. Series F. Biotechnologies, Vol. XXIV
Written by Aglaia POPA (BURLACU), Florentina ISRAEL-ROMING, Călina Petruța CORNEA, Maria Mihaela ZUGRAVU (MICUȚI)

Industrial processes lead to high amounts of lignocellulosic wastes, that are not valorised properly. Feruloyl esterase are a group of accesory enzymes used in the biodegradation of lignocellulose, capable of releasing ferulic acid that is located either between lignin and hemicellulose or between hemicelluloses. The importance of feruloyl esterase is given mainly by the fact that its action allows other enzymes to hydrolyse xylan or lignin. The released ferulic acid has several applicatios in various industries such as food, feed, medical, biofuel, pulp and paper etc. Feruloyl esterases are produced by several microorganisms (bacteria or fungi), but research studies are still focused on finding more sources for these enzymes. There are different methods for detecting microbial strains able to produce feruloyl esterase, the most used being plate screening methods.

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Published in Scientific Bulletin. Series F. Biotechnologies, Vol. XXIII
Written by Gabriela ȚEȚU

The excessive and long-term accumulation of large amounts of redundant lignocellulose materials, as outcome wastes from the specific activities of all fruit tree farms across the whole country in Romania, has become a huge problem which needs to be solved by using biological means for their conversion into beneficial products. Thus, the main aim of this work was to solve this problem by recycling the fruit tree wastes through organic cultivation of two mushroom species, Ganoderma lucidum and Pleurotus ostreatus. The fruit body productions of each one of these mushroom species registered the highest levels as 1,830 g for G. lucidum and 2,750 g for P. ostreatus, relative to 5 kg of substrates made of fruit tree wastes. According to these results, the suitable biotechnological procedures for recycling of apple, plum and cherry tree wastes through organic cultivation of mentioned mushroom species is presented in this paper.

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Published in Scientific Bulletin. Series F. Biotechnologies, Vol. XXIV
Written by Mădălina UNGUREANU-IUGA

Grape peels and whey powder represent valuable by-products which contain antioxidant fibres and protein respectively that can be used to enhance gluten-free pasta nutritional and technological properties. The aim of this paper was to investigate the effect of grape peels (0, 1, 3 and 5%) or whey powder (0, 5, 10 and 15%) addition on the colour, cooking quality, microstructure, texture and sensory characteristics of gluten-free pasta based on nixtamalized corn flour. The increase of grape peels addition led to a decrease of luminosity and fracturability, higher cooking loss, cooking time and firmness, while the incorporation of whey decreased cooking loss, luminosity, fracturability and increased cooking time. The sensory profile revealed good acceptability of gluten-free pasta enriched with grape peels or whey powder, the scores depending on the addition level, the best acceptability scores being obtained for samples with the highest whey amount (15%) and with the lowest grape peels content (1%) respectively. These results revealed the possibility to develop novel corn based gluten-free pasta with higher nutritional value and acceptable technological and sensory properties by grape peels or whey incorporation.

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Published in Scientific Bulletin. Series F. Biotechnologies, Vol. XXIV
Written by Ortansa CSUTAK, Călina Petruţa CORNEA, Viorica CORBU

The yeast Candida (teleomorph Pichia) guilliermondii is a biocontrol agent intensively studied as an ecological alternative for fungicides in preventing decay of plants. The strain C. (P.) guilliermondii CMGB 44, characterized using morpho-physiological tests, was accurately identified using PCR-RFLP of the ITS1-5.8S rRNA-ITS2 region. The phylogenetic genotyping studies confirmed the molecular analysis. The antifungal tests using seven phytopathogenic strains from natural isolates, showed that C. (P.) guilliermondii CMGB 44 had high inhibitory activity against Sclerotium sp., Rhizoctonia solani and Botrytis cinerea. The antimicrobial activity was also tested at 25, respectively, 28oC against four potential pathogenic Candida strains, with relative low results. The activity against Candida krusei and Candida tropicalis was augmented by adding sodium bicarbonate solution in a final concentration of 2%. C. (P.) guilliermondii CMGB 44 presented versatile antimicrobial activity against plant and human pathogenic microbial strains. Future research will aim improvement of the antagonistic activity using an extended range of species/strains.

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