ISSN 2285-1364, ISSN CD-ROM 2285-5521, ISSN ONLINE 2285-1372, ISSN-L 2285-1364
 

Published in Scientific Bulletin. Series F. Biotechnologies, Vol. XXIV
Written by Irinel Gabriel PROCA, Camelia Filofteia DIGUȚĂ, Ştefana JURCOANE, Florentina MATEI

Hydrolytic enzymes produced by halotolerant/halophilic microorganisms display polyextremophilic properties, which determines particular industrial interest. The goal of this work was to detect at least one halotolerant bacterial strain for the ability to produce multiple enzymatic activities (amylases, proteases, lipases, cellulases) with biotechnological importance. Eighteen halotolerant bacterial strains, isolated from hypersaline water located in Lopătari, Romania, have been used in this study. Hydrolytic enzymes production was assayed by plate screening on basal media supplemented with following sources: 1% soluble starch (for amylase activity); 1% carboxymethylcellulose (for cellulase activity); skimmed milk (for protease activity); 1% Tween 80 and CaCl2 (for lipase activity). Positive reactions have been shown by the presence of a clear halo or precipitates around the bacterial isolates. All strains had at least one enzymatic activity. The lipases and amylases activities were the predominant hydrolytic activities detected. Our results revealed the ability of different halotolerant bacterial strains to present a combination of two or three hydrolytic enzymes: 10 isolates have produced amylases and proteases enzymes; 2 isolates - lipases and proteases enzymes; 1 isolate - amylases, proteases and cellulases enzymes and 3 isolates - proteases, lipases and cellulases enzymes, respectively. Potential enzymes production by isolate 11.5 also was evaluated in submerged cultivation on different substrates. Among the substrates tested, the production of hydrolytic enzymes by isolate 11.5 was enhanced when grounded cereals mixture 1% was used as sole substrate as carbon and nitrogen source: 312 U/ml (amylases), 0.22 U/ml (cellulases) and 0.09 U/ml (proteases).

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Published in Scientific Bulletin. Series F. Biotechnologies, Vol. XXV, Issue 1
Written by Ana Valentina ARDELEAN, Ioan ARDELEAN, Loredana Mirela SFÎRLOAGĂ, Călina Petruța CORNEA

In this paper we summarize some of the the biotechnological applications of oxygenic photosynthetic microorganisms (OPhM), cyanobacteria and green microalgae, with special emphasis on the followings topics: i) epuration of domestic waste waters with simultaneous new biomass synthesis as source for dedicated chemicals (proteins, lipids, pigments, antioxidants etc.,); ii) gamma irradiation at non growth inhibitory doses in order to increase lipid content of the cells; iii) the synthesis of metal nanoparticles by these photosynthetic microorganisms,; iv) the use of living photosynthetic biomass as biocrusts to increase the chemical parameters of soil and physiological characteristics of plants; v) the study their bioelectrochemical properties for biotechnological applications such as the conversion of solar energy in electric energy. These topics are directly related to the experimental activities of the authors and cover partially the huge potential of these microorganisms.

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Published in Scientific Bulletin. Series F. Biotechnologies, Vol. XXIV
Written by Liliana LUCA, Mircea OROIAN

Probiotics require proper encapsulation in order to allow development of useful products with biological activity. Survival of encapsulated probiotics was monitored as a function of the carbohydrate source and of time, over a period of 45 days. The starting material was a mixed culture of Lactobacillus casei, Lactobacillus rhamnosus and Lactobacillus plantarum with a concentration of 10¹¹ colony-forming unit/ml (CFU/ml). Standard culture medium with glucose allowed higher initial concentration of probiotics compared with oligofructose medium. However, reduction of viable probiotics in oligofructose supplemented microcapsules was of only 4 log CFU/g, while in glucose supplemented microcapsules was of 8 log CFU/g. Specifically, numbers of probiotics varied from 1010 CFU/g immediately after encapsulation to 10² CFU/g, after 30 days of storage for glucose supplemented microcapsules, while, for oligofructose supplemented microcapsules, numbers were 10¹ CFU/g initially and 106 CFU/g after 30 days. Our results indicates that oligofructose is a more effective prebiotic than glucose, allowing higher survivability of probiotics.

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Published in Scientific Bulletin. Series F. Biotechnologies, Vol. XXIV, Issue 2
Written by Daniela PAULIUC, Mircea OROIAN

The aim of this study was to evaluate the physicochemical characteristics of rape honey collected from different regions of Romania. Five rape honey samples were selected to determine their physicochemical parameters, sugar content and antioxidant activity, including total polyphenols content and total flavonoids content. The results of the melissopalynological analysis showed that all honey samples have a percentage of pollen grains Brassica napus well above the minimum of 45%, which is necessary to classify the samples as monofloral honey. The results obtained for rape honey samples indicated a low electrical conductivity (118-173 μS/cm), a pH between 4.03-4.24 and a free acidity between 12.37-25.54%. The limit set for HMF content was exceeded by a sample of rape honey (48.6 mg HMF/kg) and the moisture content varied between 17.30-19.12% and was not exceeded the moisture content set by Codex Alimentarius (20%). Fructose, glucose, sucrose, maltose, turanose, trehalose, melezitinose, and raffinose were identified and quantified in all samples. Results were submitted to analysis of variance (ANOVA) using Statgraphics Centurion XVIII software trial version.

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Published in Scientific Bulletin. Series F. Biotechnologies, Vol. XXV, Issue 1
Written by Cristina Monica DABULICI, Emanuel VAMANU, Nand Rai SACHCHIDA

Plants are a valuable source of secondary metabolites, which due to their biological activity, are widely used in various industries, such as cosmetology, pharmaceutical, and food. For this purpose, the plants from the flora of Romania are collected. We can say that both in vivo and in vitro plant culture remains a world ar research topic. The research aims to discover biological activity, discuss the scientifically proven benefits of plants, understand the challenges of in vivo and in vitro research, and evaluate new mechanisms of biological activity of Centaurea cyanus, Lactarius metabolites, and Ribes rubrum extract, discuss the scientifically proven benefits of plants, understand the challenges of in vivo and in vitro research, and evaluate new mechanisms of biological activity. More reports have been written in vitro activity of the C. cyanus lyophilized extract obtained from the flower leaves, demonstrated anti-hemolytic activity. Different species of the genus Lactarius present various biochemicals, which can be useful together with the morphological characteristics, and they can facilitate the taxonomic correlation of the Lactarius species. R. Nigrum leaves have shown the best effect in wound healing.

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Published in Scientific Bulletin. Series F. Biotechnologies, Vol. XXIV
Written by Doina CLAPA, Orsolya BORSAI, Loredana LEOPOLD, Cristina COMAN, Alexandra TOMA, Ioana OPREA, Monica Hârța

The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of two different nanoparticles TiO2 (TiO2 NPs) and ZnO2 (ZnO2 NPs) on the in vitro culture of soybean plants (cv. Felix.). The TiO2 and ZnO2 NPs concentrations used for soybean tissue culture were 10, 100 and 1000 mg/l added to MS medium which contained no plant growth regulators. After four weeks, average height of the plants, average length of the main roots, secondary roots and fresh weight of the plantlets were measured. The results show that relatively low concentrations of TiO2 NPs (10 and 100 mg/l) when added to the culture medium didn’t have deleterious effects, but stimulated the growth and development of soybean plants. When higher concentrations (1000 mg/l) of TiO2 NPs were added the plant growth was inhibited. The average fresh weight of a plantlet was 2200,14±51,56 mg on the medium without TiO2 NPs and 2270,03±39,78 mg at the concentration of 100 mg/l TiO2 NPs added. At the highest concentration of TiO2 NPs added the average weight of the plant decreased significantly to 1616,86 ± 68,09 mg. The addition of ZnO2 NPs to the culture media at higher concentrations than 10 mg/l showed a clear inhibitory effect on plant growth. Therefore, our results suggest that ZnO2 NPs had a greater inhibitory effect on soybean plant growth and development than the TiO2 NPs.

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Published in Scientific Bulletin. Series F. Biotechnologies, Vol. XXIV
Written by Davide VITALI, Ricuţa-Vasilica DOBRINOIU

The text is the result of four years of study and experimentation on giant bamboo, of which over 2000 hectares have been planted in Italy from 2015 to today. A small experimental cultivation has been present since 2016 at the UASVM Bucharest. More than 30 million hectares of bamboo are grown worldwide. For the characteristics of its wood and for the abundance and continuity of production, it is to be considered one of the fundamental resources that Europe can draw on for an industrial turn towards the sustainability of materials. Bamboo finds application in many supply chains and makes it possible to create products with a negative C02 rate. Having overcome the initial diffidence for something that does not belong to European culture and tradition, with our pioneering activity we have found that, with the appropriate care and the right techniques, the plant can thrive in the temperate areas of our continent exactly as it thrives on them latitudes of China. Planted once, it produces oxygen, food and sustainable raw materials for about 100 consecutive years. The researches that were the basis of the preparation of the present paper aimed, on the one hand, the increase of the aerial biomass production realized by the giant bamboo plants with the age of 4 years at the surface unit, the dynamics of the sequestration of the organic carbon from the atmosphere, but also the improvement of the physical characteristics ( moisture content) and resistance to mechanical actions of fibers, all against the background of practicing technological links as gentle with the environment. The results of the research have shown that this species is a viable alternative for reducing greenhouse gas emissions due to the ability to sequester large quantities of CO2 from the atmosphere, while also representing an excellent building material, due to the superior physical and mechanical properties of other woody species. Exactly what the world of the future needs.

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Published in Scientific Bulletin. Series F. Biotechnologies, Vol. XXIV
Written by Gabriela Daniela STAMATIE, Denisa Eglantina DUȚĂ, Florentina ISRAEL-ROMING

The aim of this work was to analyse the influence of plant-based protein ingredients added to bread on the overall quality of the end product. The analysis of the recent literature revealed a great interest in using plant-based protein ingredients versus animal-based ingredients. The main previous improvements consisted in the production of the bread in which about 15% wheat flour was replaced with various protein isolates from wheat, corn, potato, carob, peas, soya, lupine and beans. The impact on the properties of the dough (gluten aggregation, gluing behaviour, rheology) as well as on the quality of the bread (volume, crumb structure, crumb hardness) was investigated. The protein-rich ingredients affected gluten aggregation, gluing and determined the weakening of the gluten network in dough containing potato and pea proteins. Also, the literature indicated a high importance of the consumers’ preference regarding the inclusion of functional foods with added protein in their daily diets, so that they reach the levels of intake necessary to achieve the health effects at present.

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Published in Scientific Bulletin. Series F. Biotechnologies, Vol. XXIII
Written by Ioana TOMA, Florentina MARIN HADDAD, Cristina GARLEA, Mariana PIPIRIGEANU, Mona Elena POPA

The paper presents the path of the linear economy to the circular economy for sustainable development and growth. Moving to a circular economy generates opportunities such as: reduced environmental pressures; increased security of the supply chain of raw materials; increased competitiveness; innovation; growth and development of new jobs. In this way, small farmers and producers who use the results of research studies in the production process, in the manufacture of products or the packaging process gain added value, which enables them to be better value on the domestic or foreign markets. The sustainability and resilient development of mountain rural communities can be made by increasing the use of local resources to mitigate/stop village depopulation and local natural heritage degradation requires the identification of existing structural and functional connections between existing resources and their use by local communities. It is thus possible to establish measures for the sustainable use of natural resources, reducing environmental pressures, enhancing the security of raw materials supply; use of biotechnology’s advantages; increased competitiveness, increasing the quality of life of the population.

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Published in Scientific Bulletin. Series F. Biotechnologies, Vol. XXIII
Written by Suzana JAHIĆ, Jasmina CEPIĆ, Emina MALKIĆ

Colorectal cancer is the second leading cause of death due to malignant diseases in developed countries, and the fourth in the world, despite the fact that this disease can be cured by surgery if the diagnosis is set at an earlier stage. Risk factors include diet, lifestyle, habits and genetic factors. People with the highest risk are those who eat low-fiber foods and many proteins, fat and carbohydrates. People with Chron's disease also fall into a risk group. The aim of this research was to determine the nutritional and lifestyle habits of the students' population and on the basis of the obtained results to determine whether there are risk factors for colorectal cancer in the same population. Our results are showing the presence of a large number of risk factors associated with colon cancer. These are a high prevalence of increased body mass (12%) and obesity (9%), high smoking prevalence (42%), low physical activity level (54% inactive), alcoholic beverages consumption (53% once or more weekly, 3% daily). Among nutritional habits of the studied population of students has noticed a high intake of meat and meat products, and a low intake of fish and fruits and vegetables.

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